Chapter one
St Andrew's church and its flint neighbours
A 13th-century flint church shows how roofs here meet walls of stone, and what it takes to keep that junction dry.
Start with the church of St Andrew. The Victoria County History records that it was built in the 13th century, apart from the porch and vestry, with tiled roofs, and a spire clad in timber. The nave west of the transepts is of knapped flint, meaning flints cut to give a smooth dark face, and the rest is flint rubble. For a roofer the interesting part is the join. Wherever tiles finish against a wall like this, a flashing (a thin strip of sheet lead) sits in a raked mortar joint, then folds down across the tiles. Flint is irregular, and a strip pushed into a joint between odd-shaped stones holds less firmly than one set into brick. Water finds that weakness first, and it does so quietly, over several winters, before a stain ever shows indoors.
At a glance
- St Andrew dates from the 13th century
- Its nave is knapped flint; the rest is flint rubble
- Anglican churches in use follow the faculty route
1.1 What goes wrong at a flint wall
Lead expands in sun and shrinks at night, and over decades it creeps. The upper edge can work out of its joint, or the mortar around it can crumble, and rain then runs behind the lead into the wall. The stain appears indoors, often well below the real fault. When we survey a flint-walled house or outbuilding in Oving, we run along each flashing for gaps, probe the joint above it and photograph what we find. Repointing and re-dressing the lead, or replacing a short length, is the usual cure. A bead of sealant fails within a season or two, and the stain then comes back worse. The flint also tells us something about the wall: a face that sheds mortar everywhere needs a mason or a repointing job before any lead goes back, and we would rather tell you that than dress new lead onto a joint that will not hold it.
1.2 Churches and who decides
St Andrew is an Anglican church, and services are still held in it. Under the ecclesiastical exemption, work on a church in that position goes through the Church's own faculty process rather than through the council. That covers the church itself. It does not cover the cottages beside it, which follow the ordinary rules if they are protected. Were a church closed for regular worship, the exemption would end and the local authority's controls would apply. For a cottage near the church, we ask Chichester District Council what applies before we strip anything. Our lead roofing page explains flashings, valleys and the codes of sheet lead in detail.
What people sayEvery church roof, in use or not, is exempt from listed building controls.
What is trueProtection from those controls applies to a listed church still used for worship by one of the named denominations, the Church of England among them. If a church shuts for good, the exemption lapses and the local authority's controls take over.





