Chapter one
Railway-era villas on South Street and the High Street
The line opened in 1861, and the houses that followed it have slate, stucco and wide eaves that want regular attention.
Partridge Green began as houses scattered beside a strip of waste land, and around 1840 the road junction had about six buildings. Then the Horsham to Shoreham railway opened through West Grinstead parish in 1861, with a station at Partridge Green, and the village changed. After the railway and the inclosure of the green in 1872, building went up fast, and by 1909 it ran along most of the High Street. The grander Italianate stuccoed houses in South Street belong to that growth. Roofs from that building boom have passed their hundredth year, and their condition comes down to three things: the covering, the way it is fixed, and the lead at every junction. A survey here is largely a matter of reading those three against each other.
At a glance
- The railway through the parish opened in 1861
- Building ran along most of the High Street by 1909
- Italianate houses in South Street date from this growth
1.1 What a shallow slate roof asks of its fixings
Italianate houses are usually designed with low-pitched hipped roofs and wide overhanging eaves, and where a roof of that period is slated, pitch matters a great deal. Cupa Pizarras reads BS 5534 as setting a floor of 20 degrees for natural slate, assuming a 500 mm slate, a 115 mm overlap and moderate exposure, and it rules out hook fixings on anything shallower than 25 degrees. On a shallow roof, then, the headlap (how far each course of slates laps over the one beneath) and the method of fixing are what we look at first. Slates that have moved are often held by nails that have rusted at the head, and the stone itself may be perfectly sound.
1.2 Hips, valleys and the gutters behind the stucco
A hipped roof has far more ridge-line and valley than a plain gable, and every junction is a joint in lead or mortar. Behind a stuccoed front, a leaking gutter or a cracked render joint can feed water into the wall below the roof, and the damp then shows on a ceiling a metre or more from the cause. Wide eaves also hide trouble: a gutter can sag or fill with moss for years before anyone sees it from the ground. We trace the water from the stain back up the slope, and the repair is sized to the fault we find, not to the bill we could produce. Our slate roofing page explains how slates are fixed, replaced and re-laid on old battens.
How we survey a railway-era roof
- From outside We scan the street and garden sides for slipped slates, lifted ridges and gutters holding water.
- In the loft Daylight at the slope, damp battens and staining around the chimney breast tell us where water has travelled.
- The lead Valleys, hips and flashings are traced for splits and lifting edges.
- The record Each fault is photographed, so your written quote points to what we saw.






