Chapter one
Matching clay tile and slate on estate cottages
The estate's flint cottages share one palette of clay tile and slate, and a good repair disappears into it.
The conservation area appraisal describes a village whose estate cottages share a consistent palette of materials, notably flint and clay tiles, because the village is the centre of the Slindon Estate, now owned by the National Trust. Slate is the other covering, and the appraisal suggests it arrived in the early 19th century. The aim on a roof like that is a repair nobody can find from the lane. That takes matching on four counts, which are the tile's size, its colour as weathered, its texture and the way it sits in its courses.
At a glance
- Estate cottages share flint and clay tiles
- Slate is the village's other roofing material
- Slate has a minimum pitch under BS 5534

1.1 Reading clay tile
New clay tile often looks too bright against a roof that has weathered for decades. We therefore choose tiles to blend and, where there are sound ones to spare, reuse tiles from a hidden slope on the exposed one. Marley puts the minimum life expectancy of clay tiles at 60 years and attributes that number to the Building Research Establishment, though old roofs do not fit any such figure neatly, so each one is judged on what we find. Slipped tiles near the eaves, nibs that have snapped and battens gone soft are the usual causes. Our pitched roofing page explains the layers of a tiled roof.

1.2 Reading slate
Slate fails differently. The stone is long-lived, and a well-installed roof can last 80 to 100 years or more, but the fixings give up first. Iron nails rust through, and the slate slips down the roof while looking whole from the ground. Slate also needs enough pitch and overlap to shed water: BS 5534 indicates a minimum pitch of 20 degrees for a 500 mm slate, and Cupa's guidance rules out hook fixings anywhere under 25 degrees. So on a repair we swap the corroded nails for fixings that suit the pitch and put the sound slate back, a method set out on our slate roofing page.
For thatch, the village's old Post Office on Top Road is the surviving example the appraisal names. Where a tiled or slated roof sits against thatch, we take care with the junction, and a roof that borders a thatched neighbour is an access matter we plan at the survey. Ladders, scaffold and any hot work are kept well clear, and we agree where materials and tools will be set down so the neighbour's roof is not disturbed. On an estate cottage we also note who owns and manages the building, since a landlord's agent may need to see the survey photographs before approving the work.
Slate and clay facts for Slindon roofs
- Natural slate life
- 80 to 100 years or more when well installed (MyBuilder)
- Clay tile life
- Minimum of 60 years (Marley); a loose guide for old roofs
- Minimum slate pitch
- 20 degrees for 500 mm slate under BS 5534 (Cupa)
- Hook fixings
- Not below 25 degrees (Cupa)
Source: MyBuilder slate roof cost guide, updated 21/08/2026; Marley; Cupa Pizarras, fetched October 2026




