Chapter one
Sandstone, ironstone and timber frames
Houses of local sandstone, ironstone and timber frame keep their roofs tied to old walls, and that is where leaks begin.
Some Fittleworth homes are built from sandstone and ironstone quarried in the parish and nearby, and local wood supplied the timber for many of the village's framed buildings. Those materials set the terms for a roof. A stone wall is rarely flat or square, and a timber frame that has stood for centuries has shifted with the seasons, so the roof sitting on either one seldom lies true. The covering has to follow whatever is beneath it, and the weak points are the places where it meets something solid, such as a wall, a chimney or a neighbouring roof. That is why a roofer's first job here is to look and measure, not to quote from the road.
At a glance
- Some homes are built of sandstone and ironstone quarried locally
- Local wood supplied many timber-framed village buildings
- Wall junctions are where water often finds a way in

1.1 Where roof meets wall
A flashing is the strip of metal, normally lead, that seals the joint where a roof meets a wall or chimney. Against rough stone it is pushed into a groove cut along a mortar joint and dressed down over the covering, and an uneven face leaves little room for error. Where lead has lifted, cracked or been left unsupported, rain tracks down inside the wall and can surface as a damp stain a long way from the fault. Code 4 lead, 1.8 mm thick, is the weight Leadworx lists for general flashing work. We trace the water to the exact joint before we quote, and our lead roofing page covers lead weights and how it is laid. A leaking gutter that has soaked a stone wall for years can imitate a roof leak, so we look at the rainwater goods too.

1.2 Chimneys and the old frame
A chimney stack stands tall above the ridge and takes the weather on every face. Repointing, renewing the flaunching (mortar sloped around the pots so that rain runs off) and replacing the lead tray at the base are the usual repairs, and they sit within our chimney repairs service. In the loft of a framed house we study how the roof timbers meet the old frame, because a sagging rafter or a wandering ridge changes how the covering lies. Where the wall plate, the beam that runs along the head of the wall, has gone soft, a leak that went unnoticed for years is a common cause. Stopping the leak comes before renewing the timber, and the photographs show you both stages.

Fig. 1 On the survey Lead lifted away from a stone wall joint
Both photographs show the same kind of junction, before and after.





