Chapter one
Roofs on Thakeham's old timber frames
Timber-framed houses, some later cased in stone or brick, keep moving with damp and heat, and the roof has to move with them.
The county history names Cootes, on Thakeham Street, as a timber-framed house of about 1400, and says several other timber-framed houses survive, some cased in stone or brick. Casing hides a frame but not its movement. Timber swells and shrinks with damp and heat, joints settle, and the roof sits on whatever the walls have become. For a roofer the first question is whether the roof is bearing on sound timber. Before quoting we look at where the rafters end, at the timber they rest on and at the roof space for older repairs, because a new covering laid on tired timber is money wasted. A sagging ridge or a slope that has dropped slightly between its rafters does not always mean failure; on an old frame it is often just age, and we say which it is.
At a glance
- Cootes on Thakeham Street is a timber-framed house of about 1400
- Tile life figures do not apply neatly to historic roofs
- A listing brings its own consent rules
1.1 How an old roof differs from a new one
A modern roof is built to a standard pattern; an old one is built to its house. Rafters may be spaced unevenly, the ridge may dip, and the tiles may have been laid to suit. Matching that takes judgement. Published tile lifespans are a rough guide at best: Marley quotes a minimum life of 60 years for clay tiles, and MyBuilder says clay tiles need replacing after 40 to 60 years, yet on a roof several centuries old the condition of each tile tells you more than any figure. The county history also records a tileworks and sandpits on Heath common, so tile making has a place in the parish's story.
1.2 Flashings against stone and brick casing
Wherever a roof runs up to a stone or brick casing, a lead strip called a flashing bridges the join. A casing and the frame behind it move at different rates, so a rigid joint cracks, and lead dressed with laps that can flex lasts better than a bead of sealant. We rake out the joint, set the lead in, and take photographs of the finished work. Our lead roofing page explains the lead codes. If your house is listed, ask Horsham District Council before work starts: a listed house needs listed building consent for any work touching its character, and we record the existing covering so a like-for-like match can be agreed.
Clay tile figures for an old roof
- New clay tile, minimum life
- 60 years (Marley)
- Clay tile replacement
- After 40 to 60 years (MyBuilder)
- Plain tile, minimum pitch
- Canterbury 40 degrees, Ashdowne 35, Hawkins 30 (Marley)
- Lincoln clay pantile
- 15 degrees minimum pitch (Marley)
Source: Marley; MyBuilder slate roof cost guide, updated 21/08/2026






