Chapter one
Handmade clay tiles beside Chichester Channel
Handmade tiles shed water well but are fussy to repair, and a harbour village puts every fixing to work.
West Itchenor is a small parish of 546 acres at the mouth of Chichester Harbour, and its main street ends in a quay on Chichester Channel. The council's conservation area appraisal notes handmade clay tiles for roofs there. A handmade tile is never perfectly flat or perfectly uniform, so it sheds water well but sits less snugly beside a machine-made replacement, and a repair that ignores the difference shows up as a patch that leaks round its edges.
At a glance
- The appraisal notes handmade clay tiles for roofs
- Marley's clay plain tiles need 30 to 40 degrees of pitch
- Ridge and hip tiles need mechanical fixing as well as mortar

1.1 Spray, gales and fixings
The harbour brings spray and salt on the wind, and gales cross open water before they reach the roofs, so how a roof is fixed matters more than how it looks. Per Wienerberger, no single-lap tile goes on with fewer than one mechanical fixing, and the method is chosen to suit the plot's location and exposure. Plain tiles are different. They hang by small nibs from slim timber strips called battens, and they are nailed. On those roofs we check each nail and nib along the exposed verge and eaves courses, where a gust gets underneath first. From the ground we sight along each course for dips, which mark a broken batten or a slipped tile. Up in the loft we watch for daylight showing through, darkened rafters and underlay that has split, and we photograph each one, so the written quote follows from evidence you can see.

1.2 Pitch limits the choice
Marley gives clay plain tiles minimum slopes between 30 and 40 degrees, according to the pattern. That is why a low porch or lean-to cannot always be tiled to match the main roof, and why we measure a slope before suggesting a covering for it. Where the original tiles are sound, cleaning, re-fixing and re-bedding them beats buying new. When a whole slope has passed that point, the photographs show it and the recommendation follows.
1.3 Ridges and hips
Mortar on its own stopped being enough for ridge and hip tiles with the 2014 revision of BS 5534, which expects a screw, clip or similar fixing as well. A cracked run is therefore re-bedded with those fixings in place. Whether to re-bed or go dry-fix is a decision our ridge tile repairs page walks through.
Clay tile facts for a harbour roof
- Minimum pitch, Marley clay plain tiles
- 30 to 40 degrees, by pattern
- Minimum life, clay tile (Marley)
- 60 years
- Replacement, clay tile (MyBuilder)
- After 40 to 60 years
- Old tile roofs
- Age alone is a poor guide (Building Conservation Directory)
- Fixing of ridge and hip tiles
- Screw or clip as well as mortar (BS 5534:2014)
Source: Marley; MyBuilder, updated 21/08/2026; Building Conservation Directory; BSI, fetched October 2026





