Chapter one
Reading a handmade peg tile roof
Handmade peg tiles are uneven by design, so a good repair starts with learning how this particular roof was laid.
Prinsted's older roofs, according to Chichester District Council's conservation area appraisal, are thatched or covered in handmade clay peg tiles. A peg tile is a small plain tile that hangs from a batten on a nib or a peg and overlaps the courses beneath it. Because the tiles are handmade, they vary a little in colour and flatness, and that variation gives these roofs their texture. It also means a mismatched replacement shows from the lane. On a survey we count the cracked, slipped and flaking tiles and photograph each fault, and the written quote comes with pictures of the roof itself.
At a glance
- The council appraisal records handmade clay peg tiles
- Plain clay tiles need a steep enough pitch
- Ridges and hips are fixed mechanically now
1.1 Pitch, battens and what sits beneath
Plain clay tiles need a steep pitch to shed water. Marley lists its clay plain tiles as needing between 30 and 40 degrees, depending on the pattern, and the data sheet for the tile actually on your roof is the figure that counts. When a tile has slipped, the first question is whether the batten or the fixing gave way, because refitting a tile onto a soft batten repeats the fault within a winter or two. An old roof may also have no underlay, the sheet under the battens that catches wind-blown rain. If part of the roof has to be stripped, we look at the battens, the rafters and any underlay before a single tile goes back on.
1.2 Ridges, hips and verges
At the top of each slope sits the ridge. The hips run down the corners of a hipped roof. Where the tiles stop at a gable wall, that sloping edge is the verge. Wind gets under tiles at these three places first. Since BS 5534 was revised in 2014, the standard has asked for a fixing into the timber beneath every bedded ridge and hip tile, because mortar cannot be left to do the job alone. Mortar is not banned and can stay alongside those fixings. Dry-fix ridges, which clip onto a vented roll instead of a mortar bed, are tested to BS 8612:2018. Our ridge tile repairs page sets out when each suits. Lifespan figures for clay tile are a guide, never a promise. Marley cites a Building Research Establishment minimum of 60 years for a modern tile; for old handmade peg roofs a conservation journal treats that number as a poor yardstick.
Fixing facts for a Prinsted clay roof
- Code of practice
- BS 5534:2014+A2:2018
- Dry-fixed verges and ridges
- BS 8612:2018
- Marley clay plain tile pitches
- 30 to 40 degrees, by tile
- Modern clay tile life
- Minimum of 60 years (Marley)
- Old peg tile roofs
- Sixty years is a poor yardstick
Source: BSI; Marley; Building Conservation Directory, fetched October 2026





